What Is Bacterial Vaginosis?
Bacterial vaginosis (
BV) is a condition in women that occurs when the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted and replaced by an overgrowth of certain bacteria. It is sometimes accompanied by:
- Discharge
- Odor
- Pain
- Itching
- Burning.
The main cause of BV is an imbalance in the bacteria that are normally present in the vagina. Other factors, though not true causes on their own, can make a woman more likely to develop this condition. Some of these factors include:
- Having multiple sex partners
- Douching
- Not using a condom
- Using an intrauterine device (IUD).
(Click Causes of Bacterial Vaginosis for more information.)
Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis will often cause a vaginal discharge. The discharge is usually thin and milky and is described as having a "fishy" odor. This odor may become more noticeable after intercourse. Redness or itching of the vagina are not common
symptoms of bacterial vaginosis, but they can occur. It is important to note that many women with this condition have no symptoms at all, and the condition is only discovered during a routine gynecologic exam.
A healthcare provider must examine the vagina for signs of bacterial vaginosis. There is also a test to find out if you have
BV. Your doctor takes a sample of fluid from your vagina and has it tested. The healthcare provider may also be able to see signs of BV, like a grayish-white discharge, during an examination of the vagina.
Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis
Treatment usually consists of a course of antibiotics. While the condition does clear up on its own in some cases, all women with symptoms should receive
treatment for bacterial vaginosis to avoid future complications.
BV prevention requires open communication with your healthcare provider and sexual partners. Practicing safe sex is a key part of preventing bacterial vaginosis. By
preventing BV, you can avoid many of the complications that may occur with this condition.
Statistics Regarding Bacterial Vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age. In the United States, as many as 16 percent of pregnant women have BV.
